Clients with thyroid disease may have signs and symptoms that can lead to an inaccurate diagnosis. The nurse must be able to differentiate hypothyroidism from hyperthyroidism, and identify life-threatening complications.
Signs and Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism
Weight gain, fatigue, tremor, weakness, puffy eyes, and flushed face are often associated with hyperthyroidism. Other signs that may suggest thyroid disease include low grade fever, sweating, GI disturbances, and bradycardia.
The nurse should perform the following tests when assessing a patient with hyperthyroidism: FT4 test, TSH test, thyroxine stimulation test, and the ACH receptor antibody assay.
Treatment of Hyperthyroidism
In addition to antithyroid medication, patients with hyperthyroidism may require iodine supplements to maintain adequate thyroxine levels. This is necessary to maintain a steady state of normal thyroid function.
Nursing Interventions for Patients with Hypothyroidism
As a nurse, you must be aware that clients with hypothyroidism may have numbness and tingling of the muscles in the hands, feet, and mouth area. This can be painful and should be treated with non-narcotic pain medications.
Pregnancy and Thyroid Disorders
As a nurse, you should be aware that pregnancy and endocrine disorders are usually subclinical and go unrecognized in the geriatric population. When a client is diagnosed with hypothyroidism during a routine physical examination, you should instruct the family about diet and the importance of exercise to help control the condition.